摘要：甲烷是关于对气候有显著变暖效应的一种温室气体（只有水蒸气和二氧化碳比它更重要），

Nature：关于大气中甲烷浓度增速减慢的大气度增不同结论

2011-08-11 10:00 · daisy

甲烷是对气候有显著变暖效应的一种温室气体（只有水蒸气和二氧化碳比它更重要），湿地微生物活动程度的中甲自来水管网冲刷降低是主要原因。然而人们对影响其在大气中浓度的烷浓因素仍然不是很了解。在News and 速减Views文章中，造成其增长速度的不同这一降低的原因目前仍在争论中。大气中甲烷浓度上升速度的结论减慢是由化石燃料生产所排放的甲烷减少引起的。但其得出的关于结论却是相互冲突的。得出结论认为，大气度增自来水管网冲刷Murat Aydin等人将对南极洲冰层中束缚的中甲甲烷的测量与一个简单的大气模型结合了起来，Martin Heimann对这两项研究得出的烷浓不同发现进行了讨论。Fuu Ming Kai等人对北半球和南半球甲烷浓度及同位素特征之间的速减差别进行了测量，20世纪中期其浓度的不同迅速上升在世纪之交却逐渐地（但暂时性地）慢了下来，然而人们对影响其在大气中浓度的结论因素仍然不是很了解。

 

生物探索推荐英文论文摘要：

Nature 476,关于 194–197 (11 August 2011)

Doi:10.1038/nature10259

Reduced methane growth rate explained by decreased Northern Hemisphere microbial sources

Atmospheric methane (CH₄) increased through much of the twentieth century, but this trend gradually weakened until a stable state was temporarily reached around the turn of the millennium, after which levels increased once more. The reasons for the slowdown are incompletely understood, with past work identifying changes in fossil fuel, wetland and agricultural sources and hydroxyl (OH) sinks as important causal factors. Here we show that the late-twentieth-century changes in the CH₄growth rates are best explained by reduced microbial sources in the Northern Hemisphere. Our results, based on synchronous time series of atmospheric CH₄ mixing and ¹³C/¹²C ratios and a two-box atmospheric model, indicate that the evolution of the mixing ratio requires no significant change in Southern Hemisphere sources between 1984 and 2005. Observed changes in the interhemispheric difference of ¹³C effectively exclude reduced fossil fuel emissions as the primary cause of the slowdown. The ¹³C observations are consistent with long-term reductions in agricultural emissions or another microbial source within the Northern Hemisphere. Approximately half (51 ± 18%) of the decrease in Northern Hemisphere CH₄ emissions can be explained by reduced emissions from rice agriculture in Asia over the past three decades associated with increases in fertilizer application and reductions in water use.

Figure 1: Long-term trends in atmospheric CH₄, δ¹³C-CH₄, and δD-CH₄.

Figure 2: Variations in CH₄fluxes and the impacts of source composition on isotopic trends.

Figure 3: Evidence for intensification of rice agriculture in Asia.

 

与这一结论形成对比的是，尤其是，不断改变的水稻耕作方式似乎能对北半球趋势的大约一半做出解释。 两项新的研究工作为这个谜团提供了线索，并且得出结论认为，